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< Back Professor Dr Niek Peters Legaltree Arbitrator Biography Professor Dr Niek Peters is a partner at Legaltree and professor of international commercial arbitration at the University of Groningen. Niek sits as arbitrator (sole arbitrator, co-arbitrator and chair) in commercial arbitrations, both ad hoc (including UNCITRAL) and institutional (e.g. , ICC, NAI, LCIA, UNUM). He also acts as counsel in commercial arbitrations and court litigation, including setting aside and enforcement proceedings. Niek‘s practice, both as counsel and arbitrator, focuses on the energy sector, the construction sector, the transport sector, the financial services sector and international trade. Many cases concern contractual disputes and damages claims. In this context, Niek also has experience with shareholder disputes, joint venture disputes, post M&A disputes and professional liability claims. Many of Niek’s cases have an international element and are governed by foreign law. Niek is a board member of the Royal Netherlands Association for International Law and the Dutch Arbitration Association. He is also a delegate to the ICC’s International Commission on Arbitration & ADR. During his career he has published many books and articles on arbitration, private international law and liability law. In Legal500 Niek has been recognized as a leading individual in the field of arbitration and he has been in included in Who’s Who Legal for many years. In Who‘s Who Legal he has been described as “a great attorney ”, “a clever practitioner ”, “quick minded and smart ”, “extremely thorough ”, “with a strong knowledge of arbitration law ”, and with “the ability to find practical and effective solutions to difficult issues ”. In Legal500 it was stated that Niek has “a strong legal knowledge ” and “a strong intellect ”, and that he “combines high-level academic knowledge with practical experience ” that “helps to solve the most difficult questions ” in “a low-key, can-do approach ”. "Nothing beats a well-prepared arbitrator" -Niek Peters Contact Details Netherlands +31 20 80 06 367 niek.peters@legaltree.nl Additional Links Link About ICC Netherlands We ensure that Dutch business interests are heard and represented in international policymaking. We deliver tools and standards that simplify cross-border business like model contracts or Incoterms®. We support fair and efficient dispute resolution . Become a member Upcoming events Learn more Check our latest news! News Languages Spoken Dutch, English Specialisation Commercial, Investment / Public International Law, Joint Ventures, Corporate Law / M&A, Mass Claims Bar Admission(s) Credentials CV

< Back < Previous | Next > Partners ICC NL has a new collaborative partner: Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Tom Loonen and Jacco Wielhouwer 5 Apr 2025 ICC Netherlands has partnered with Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam to enhance stakeholder engagement and share insights on integrity, compliance, and anti-corruption. The collaboration merges academic research with ICC’s global business network to drive practical, evidence-based solutions. Tom Loonen and Jacco Wielhouwer We are pleased to announce the start of a new collaboration. From now on, ICC NL will be working closely with the Compliance & Integrity Management programme of Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (VU) to broaden stakeholder engagement and share knowledge on several key subjects. We spoke to Tom Loonen and Jacco Wielhouwer to find out more. Tom is a professor in Financial Law and Integrity at the VU. He is responsible for the educational programmes focusing on Compliance and Integrity Management and Financial Economic Crime. Jacco is a professor at the VU’s School of Business and Economics and the Academic Director of the Executive Master of Compliance and Integrity Management. How did you come into contact with ICC NL? Tom: We knew, of course, about the Week of Integrity that ICC NL organises. The content of this week is very important for the VU, especially in the context of our Executive Master of Compliance and Integrity Management programme. This gave us the idea to work closer together. Jacco: If you look at the goals of ICC NL – they focus a great deal on integrity, fighting corruption, compliance and ESG. These subjects are very close to the goals of our education. Moreover, we regularly carry out scientific research together with companies; this yields results that are both relevant and practical to companies. Can you give some examples of your research at the VU? Jacco: To name just a few subjects... We look at international tax planning: the use of Incoterms by business units to shift costs between countries to influence taxes. Another example is where we look at how illegal or unethical behaviour develops and grows within organisations. This is very relevant in the fight against corruption. A third example is our research on how certain AI tools and processes can lead to discrimination. Why is this research relevant to the business community? Tom: What is interesting for ICC members is what we see very often; this is that regulators issue guidelines on a lot of legal topics. And instead of treating these purely as guidelines, many corporates deal with these more as ‘pseudo laws’ and stop thinking critically and just automatically tick the boxes of the guidelines. I would say our research is relevant for ICC members because it can help them think critically in order to be more effective when it comes to following regulations. Our research and training programmes based on up-to-date academic insights can guide and steer organisations towards good, efficient and effective conduct instead of just ‘ticking the boxes’ How do you see ICC NL and the VU helping each other? Tom: We really differentiate ourselves by taking a scientific approach to our training. To that end, we can give ICC NL access to interesting, relevant and accessible scientific material. And ICC has interesting access for us to the international business community which we would love to be in contact with for research or to welcome in our executive education. We are trying to link these two strong labels to help each other in a positive way. What’s the next step? Jacco: We are going to start pragmatically – seeing where we can help each other. ICC NL is quite small, but it has a big reach. The Netherlands also has a very important position in international trade and taxation. We hope to reach international companies with our programme. And on the other hand, we hope that we can help ICC NL by providing scientific insights to the companies and possibly in their global commissions, whether that’s on tax, integrity or compliance. Want to find out more about the educational programmes for professionals in the area of compliance and integrity management at the Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam? Here are some useful links. • If you are interested in the Executive Master of Compliance and Integrity Management, or specific trainings on Organizational Culture & Behavioural Risk, Enterprise Risk & Compliance Management, Data, Evidence & Compliance, Regulatory Impact & Organizational Response, see Executive Master Compliance & Integrity Management School of Business and Economics for Professionals - Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam. • Sign up for an information session. Onsite on 15 May, online on 20 May. Open Evening - Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam • Information about the training to become a financial economic crime expert: https://vu.nl/en/ education/professionals/courses-programmes/fec-risk-expert/overview • Feel free to contact us - compliance.sbe@vu.nl

< Back Marc Krestin Fieldfisher Arbitrator Biography Marc Krestin is a partner in the Dispute Resolution practice of the European law firm Fieldfisher, based in Amsterdam. Marc has over 16 years' experience as an international disputes lawyer. He acts as counsel in international commercial and investor-state arbitrations as well as in corporate and commercial litigations before Dutch courts, with a focus on energy, construction, infrastructure, technology and post-M&A disputes. Having lived, studied and/or worked in Germany, Switzerland, Austria, France and the Netherlands, Marc is a true European citizen and at ease in different cultural settings and legal systems. He has German citizenship, is qualified as a lawyer (advocaat) in the Netherlands and is fluent and conducts arbitrations in Dutch, German, English and French. Marc has particular experience with complex cross-border disputes in the following sectors: oil & gas (pipelines, refinieries, LNG plants, coal-fired power plants, long-term gas price agreements, production sharing agreements, concessions, decommissioning), renewables (solar, wind, hydrogen), construction, mining, IT/technology, telecom, banking & finance, real estate, retail & consumer products, automotive, aviation, transport & shipping. His geographical aeras of focus include the EU, US, UK, Switzerland, former CIS countries, Northern and Francophone Africa, South Africa, the Middle East and the APAC region and he has conducted arbitrations under the laws of the Netherlands, France, Belgium, Germany, Switzerland, England & Wales, New York, Morocco, Ghana, Côte d'Ivoire, Hong Kong, Singapore, Georgia, Russia and Ukraine. He also represents both claimants and defendants in class action proceedings in relation to environmental damage, consumer protection and competition law infringements. Furthermore, Marc sits as an arbitrator and regularly advises on matters of ESG, public international law, technology/AI and third-party funding. Marc has published extensively in the field of international arbitration, has held numerous speaking engagements, and has guest-lectured on topics of international arbitration and advocacy at universities in Amsterdam and Paris. He has been recommended in Who's Who Legal Arbitration: Future Leaders since 2019 and features in the Legal 500 Arbitration Powerlist: Benelux 2024 . He sits on the Executive Committee of the Rising Arbitrators Initiative (RAI) and is a member of the Dutch Arbitration Association (DAA), the International Arbitration Commission of the Association Internationale des Jeunes Avocats (AIJA) and the ESG Arbitration Subcommittee of the International Bar Association (IBA). Marc is admitted to the Dutch Bar (Amsterdam) since 2008 and registered with the Paris Bar (under Directive 98/5/EC) since 2019. He holds master's degrees in international law and economics from the Erasmus University of Rotterdam and an LLM in Comparative and International Dispute Resolution from Queen Mary University of London. Contact Details Netherlands +31611730195 marc.krestin@fieldfisher.com Additional Links Link About ICC Netherlands We ensure that Dutch business interests are heard and represented in international policymaking. We deliver tools and standards that simplify cross-border business like model contracts or Incoterms®. We support fair and efficient dispute resolution . Become a member Upcoming events Learn more Check our latest news! News Languages Spoken German, English, Dutch, French Specialisation Construction, Corporate Law / M&A, Finance and Banking, Information and Communication Technologies, Investment / Public International Law, Pharmaceutical, Sales, Sports, Transport, Environment, Agriculture, Distribution, Joint Ventures, Maritime, Real Estate, Renewable Energy, ESG, Retail, Technology/AI, Employment, Energy and Natural Resources Bar Admission(s) Credentials CV

< Back < Previous | Next > Integrity & Culture Speaking up is Golden: The Importance of Integrity for a Safe Reporting Culture in Organizations Kristien Verbraeken, Senior Integrity Advisor, Dutch Whistleblowers Authority 8 May 2025 Organisations are often well-insured against rare events like fires but underestimate the frequent and damaging risks of integrity violations such as fraud or misconduct; investing in a strong integrity culture and internal reporting procedures is essential for early detection and reduced harm. 1. How Well Is Your Organisation Protected Against Risks? Does your organisation have fire insurance? It probably does; sometimes it is even mandatory to insure yourself against certain risks. Fortunately, fires do not occur too often in organisations, and there is a willingness to take safety measures to prevent fires or respond quickly to them. But what does your organisation do to prevent integrity risks such as fraud, theft, data leaks or inappropriate behaviour? Integrity issues occur much more frequently than fires, yet not all organisations actively work on promoting integrity or creating a safe reporting environment to prevent and properly address such risks when they occur. That is why it is very valuable for organisations to invest in integrity and an efficient reporting procedure. 2. The Cost of Integrity Violations Integrity violations can cause a lot of damage to organisations. The ACFE (Association of Certified Fraud Examiners) publishes an annual Report to the Nations on the average damage organisations suffer due to fraud. If the organisation has an internal reporting system, the financial damage can amount to $100,000. Without a proper reporting system, the average damage can easily double. 43% of fraud cases are discovered through a report or tip-off. Most tips or reports come from employees (52%), 21% from customers, and 11% from suppliers. Figure 1, from Report to the Nations 2024, ACFE, p. 24 It is primarily the employees themselves who are the first to notice when something is wrong within the organisation. They report this via a formal reporting channel, such as a hotline (53%), or to someone within the organisation, most often to their direct supervisor (29%), followed by the director or board members (16%), and thirdly to internal audit (14%). Some whistleblowers report through multiple channels. These findings from the ACFE show us that it is very important for organisations that employees can report internally. The sooner incidents are noticed and reported, the sooner they can be addressed and the less damage the organisation will suffer. However, simply having an internal reporting channel and procedure is not enough. More is needed to protect your organisation against integrity violations. 3. Investing in Integrity Pays Off To support employees to report incidents or raise concerns, your organisation must ensure that there are as few barriers as possible and that employees are encouraged to speak up. This starts with building a positive integrity culture. Tony Simons, in his Research on Ethical Management: The High Cost of Low Trust ( 2002), described the positive effects of employees’ trust in the integrity of their managers and, conversely, how damaging it is when that trust is lacking. Ethical leadership leads to more engaged employees, who take fewer sick days, perform better, and speak more positively about their employer. This, in turn, results in higher customer satisfaction and greater profitability. Research by Karin Lasthuizen ( Leading to Integrity: Empirical Research into the Effects of Leadership on Ethics and Integrity , 2008) and Leonie Heres ( Tonen van de Top , 2016) confirms the significant impact of ethical leadership. In the private sector, for example, integrity contributes to the continuity of processes, strengthens trust between business sectors, reduces administrative burdens and enhances corporate reputation. In the public sector , the importance of integrity is often framed in terms of public trust; it contributes to economic growth, legitimacy, social stability, and the quality of public services. In both sectors, an integrity-driven organisational culture boosts employee motivation and engagement. Employees in organisations with a strong integrity culture experience less stress, anxiety, uncertainty, and emotional exhaustion. Moreover, integrity-driven organisations are more attractive to job seekers. Research by the Erasmus Happiness Economics Research Organisation even showed that a government that prioritises integrity and anti-corruption contributes to the well-being of its citizens and, of course, of its own employees. It is therefore fitting that building a culture of integrity and integrity management is receiving increasing attention. However, integrity within organisations does not arise automatically. It requires an integrated and coordinated approach. 4. Integrity Management: A Matter of Culture and Structure Effective integrity management consists of various measures. These contribute to both a culture of integrity and the implementation of appropriate structural safeguards. It is important that these measures reinforce one another and align with the organisation’s culture. An integrity-driven culture reflects the moral values and norms desired by the organisation (and society). These values and norms are expressed through group patterns, collective behaviour, employee attitudes, and shared beliefs. Examples of cultural measures include: values workshops, onboarding and mentoring programs, dilemma training, internal communication, employee satisfaction surveys, and fostering a culture of giving and receiving feedback. To support these, the Dutch Whistleblowers Authority offers various practical tools such as the guidelines: Tips and insights for integrity communication , and Integrity in practice - Towards an ethical culture . Not only does an organisation’s culture influence employee behaviour, organisational structure also plays a key role. Structural measures include, for example, the introduction of procedures and protocols that define how employees should act in certain situations. Just like cultural measures, structural measures guide people’s behaviour. Structural measures may include: laws, codes, and (house) rules; performance standards and reward systems; procedures and protocols; reporting and investigation procedures; physical and digital access rights; allocation of authority; monitoring and enforcement mechanisms. To strengthen structural measures, the Dutch Whistleblowers Authority also provides practical advice in brochures such as The Reporting Procedure and Internal Investigation . In practice, there is a constant interaction between structure (measures) and culture (measures). The structure defines what employees may and may not do in certain situations (according to agreed procedures); the culture ensures that employees actually adhere to these expectations. To help organisations build integrated and coordinated integrity management, the Dutch Whistleblowers Authority developed the Integrity Infrastructure Model (see Figure 2), which consists of seven crucial and interconnected elements. Figure 2: Integrity Infrastructure by the Dutch Whistleblowers Authority The Integrity Infrastructure is also used as a guiding framework for the Integrity Compass ( IntegriteitsWijzer ). This is a free online tool that organisations can use to assess their integrity management and identify the strengths and weaknesses of their approach. After answering 35 questions – covering the seven elements of the Integrity Infrastructure – the organisation receives a customised report with recommendations for further strengthening its integrity management. 5. Successful Reporting The Whistleblowers Protection Act requires organisations with over 50 employees to have an internal reporting procedure. However, simply having a procedure does not guarantee its effective operation. Several conditions contribute to its success. Research by Utrecht University, in collaboration with the Dutch Whistleblowers Authority , provides insight into how interpersonal contacts between those involved play a key role in the successful handling of internal reporting processes. Specifically, organisations must ensure: Social and psychological safety, so that whistleblowers feel safe enough to come forward; A careful and swift procedure, where the involved actors take decisive and visible action; A reporting process that aligns with both written and unwritten agreements, and of course complies with legal requirements; Expert and objective investigators who are also well-intentioned and empathetic, so that the reporter feels seen, heard, and supported; Investment in the knowledge, skills, competencies, and attitudes of the actors involved in the reporting process, such as managers, confidants, investigators, and other integrity actors; A personal approach combined with continuous and timely contact with everyone involved, so they see that active steps are taken and the report is taken seriously; Openness and transparency to ensure it is clear to everyone what information can and cannot be shared and why; Ongoing, up-to-date information about the steps in the process for all involved, so they understand why specific steps are taken and know what the next steps are; Systematic evaluation of reports and reporting processes so that lessons can be learned and the reporting process is continuously improved. 6. In a Nutshell Whistleblowers are crucial for organisations to detect integrity issues and ensure they are addressed promptly. According to ACFE data, employees prefer to report internally. To make this possible, not only is an internal reporting system necessary, but also a positive integrity culture where whistleblowers feel confident that their reports will be handled safely and effectively. At the core lies an integrated and coordinated integrity policy. There are conditions for successful reporting. On one hand, there is a professional, proper, swift, and visible approach that follows established procedures and agreements. On the other hand, there is great attention to transparency and interpersonal contacts between those involved. This strengthens trust that the organisation will handle the report quickly and sincerely. The Dutch Whistleblowers Authority is happy to provide organisations with practical support through various tools and information available on its website .

< Back Marieke van Hooijdonk Independent Arbitrator Arbitrator Biography Marieke is a renowned international arbitration counsel. She handles complex and high-stake disputes across various sectors and jurisdictions, involving joint ventures, mergers and acquisitions, trade, contracts and more. She also represents clients in arbitration related court proceedings. Marieke is recently elected as new Vice-President to the ICC International Court of Arbitration for 2024-2027. In addition, she is a member of the ICC Dutch Nominations Commission and the ICC Commission on Arbitration and ADR. She has served as the Dutch member on the ICC Court in Paris from 2014 until 2021. She often acts as arbitrator, including as chair and emergency arbitrator. Marieke also has a long standing role as deputy judge at the Court of Appeal in Arnhem-Leeuwarden. Marieke regularly speaks and writes on arbitration related issues. Her book "Litigation in the Netherlands" published by Kluwer, is still widely used. Marieke is ranked as Band 1 – Arbitration Counsel (Chambers Europe, Netherlands, 2024-2014), appears in the "Hall of Fame" in Legal 500 and is named Thought Leader in Who's Who Legal Arbitration. Clients praise Marieke for her knowledge, strategy, advocacy and teamwork. Some of her recent testimonials include: “Marieke van Hooijdonk is an absolute force of nature in arbitration in the Netherlands. A fearless advocate for her client and completely on top of the detail. ” “Marieke van Hooijdonk is top-notch and has been the best arbitration lawyer in the industry for many years, if not decades – very strong and confident advocacy, razor sharp and very committed to reaching the client’s goals and needs, creative and persuasive, drawing on extensive arbitration experience and expertise .” (Legal 500 2024 Dispute Resolution). "She is a highly esteemed lawyer for ICC and NAI arbitrations. " (Chambers Global 2024 Dispute Resolution: Arbitration Counsel). “Marieke van Hooijdonk is the grand lady of the Dutch arbitration scene, brilliant sharp mind and excellent analytical and tactical skills. A pleasure to work with. ” (Legal 500 2023 Dispute Resolution). “She is absolutely brilliant. ” (Chambers Global 2023 Dispute Resolution. Contact Details Netherlands +31 20 674 1123 arbitration@mariekevanhooijdonk.com Additional Links Link About ICC Netherlands We ensure that Dutch business interests are heard and represented in international policymaking. We deliver tools and standards that simplify cross-border business like model contracts or Incoterms®. We support fair and efficient dispute resolution . Become a member Upcoming events Learn more Check our latest news! News Languages Spoken Dutch, English Specialisation Corporate Law / M&A, Investment / Public International Law, Financial Services, Biotech, Pharmaceutical, Technology, Media, Life Sciences and Healthcare Bar Admission(s) Credentials CV

< Back < Previous | Next > Digitalisation Why the Netherlands Must Go Beyond the Electronic Bill of Lading 12 Mar 2025 After three years of preparation, the Dutch Parliament is set to deliberate on a bill introducing electronic bills of lading (eBLs) this month. This legislative move aims to modernize trade documentation, enhancing efficiency and security within the logistics sector. While this is a crucial step forward, it is only one piece of the puzzle in achieving full trade digitalization. To maintain momentum, the Netherlands must now focus on a broader legal transformation, particularly the full implementation of the Model Law on Electronic Transferable Records (MLETR). What This Means for Businesses The adoption of eBLs allows companies to transition from traditional paper-based bills of lading to digital formats. This shift is expected to: • Expedite transactions by eliminating paper- based delays. • Reduce administrative burdens and costs. • Minimize fraud risks through secure digital tracking. • Improve operational efficiency by integrating digital trade documents into IT systems. However, while beneficial, this reform alone does not fully enable the digitalization of trade. For businesses to truly benefit from a paperless system, other critical transferable records— such as promissory notes and trade finance instruments— must also be legally recognized in electronic form. Why This Is Not Enough for Trade Digitalization Although the introduction of eBLs marks significant progress, it addresses only one type of transferable document. Comprehensive digital transformation necessitates a legal framework that recognizes and facilitates the use of all electronic transferable records, ensuring their enforceability and interoperability across international markets. Without this broader framework, businesses will still face inefficiencies and legal uncertainties when using digital trade documents beyond eBLs. The Importance of Fully Implementing MLETR The United Nations Commission on International Trade Law’s (UNCITRAL) Model Law on Electronic Transferable Records (MLETR) provides a global framework for the recognition and use of all electronic transferable documents. By fully adopting the MLETR, the Netherlands can: • Establish legal certainty for all forms of electronic trade documents. • Reduce reliance on paper-based processes across supply chains. • Improve cross-border trade efficiency, ensuring alignment with international partners. • Strengthen the competitiveness of Dutch enterprises by reducing trade friction. • Reduce corruption risks by minimizing manual handling and document forgery opportunities. • Enhance sustainability by cutting down on paper usage and inefficient transport of physical documents. • Improve data security and transparency, ensuring real-time traceability of trade documents. The Role of ICC and DSI in Driving Trade Digitalization ICC actively advocates for harmonized international trade laws and facilitates dialogue between businesses and policymakers to accelerate digital adoption. The Digital Standards Initiative (DSI), an initiative under ICC, focuses on developing digital trade standards that enhance interoperability between different stakeholders in global trade. By working alongside governments and industry leaders, ICC and DSI are instrumental in creating a regulatory environment that enables full- scale adoption of electronic transferable records, including electronic bills of lading, digital promissory notes, and digital trade finance instruments. By aligning national regulations with international standards, Dutch businesses can remain competitive and seamlessly integrate into global trade ecosystems Urgent Next Steps for the Netherlands To capitalize on the momentum generated by the eBL initiative, the following actions should be prioritized: 1. Full Implementation of MLETR – Ensure all electronic trade documents are legally recognized, not just eBLs. 2. Update Existing Legislation – Revise outdated laws that still require paper-based documentation. 3. Invest in Digital Infrastructure – Secure and standardized platforms for digital trade document processing. 4. Educate Businesses – Provide training and support for companies transitioning to electronic trade. The introduction of eBLs is a positive but incomplete step toward full trade digitalization. If the Netherlands wants to lead in global trade efficiency, it must broaden its regulatory reforms to encompass all transferable records. By implementing the MLETR and updating national laws, businesses can fully embrace a paperless, efficient, and secure trading environment, ensuring that the Dutch economy remains competitive in an increasingly digital world. Stay updated and engage in the conversation! Join our MLETR implementation working group.

< Back < Previous | Next > Geopolitics Navigating Uncertainty, Driving Solution 21 Mar 2025 Geopolitical tensions, trade barriers, and regulatory uncertainty continue to shape the international business landscape. Tariffs are increasing, supply chains are under pressure, and new EU regulations are redefining sustainability expectations. In this evolving environment, businesses must remain agile and proactive. At ICC, we see these challenges as a call to engage, not retreat. Whether through trade facilitation, arbitration, or sustainable trade finance, our mission is to help businesses navigate complexity and advocate for open markets. This was the key message of Philippe Varin, chair of the International Chamber of Commerce during his visit to the Netherlands last month. www.cityam.com International trade in the era of Trump 2.0 - how will the ICC adapt? Philippe Varin, chair of the International Chamber of Commerce, is stewarding the kind of globalist institution which Trump instinctively distrusts. He speaks to Eliot Wilson about championing free trade in an era of protectionism Key Themes This Month: Geopolitics & Trade Tensions : How will economic nationalism and tariffs impact global business? Read our interview with Bart Jan Koopman for insights into 2025 trade developments. Sustainability & Compliance : The EU Omnibus Proposal is redefining ESG reporting. Should businesses scale back compliance efforts or strengthen their sustainability strategies? The Future of Trade Rules : Despite regulatory uncertainty, progress is being made in trade digitalization. The long-overdue reform to recognize Digital Trade Documents in the Netherlands is finally moving forward Key Developments: • Trade finance is evolving to support sustainable supply chains. This month, Standard Chartered became the first international bank to fully align with ICC Principles for Sustainable Trade Finance, setting a precedent for greater transparency, due diligence, and accountability. More financial institutions are expected to follow. • Growing reliance on ICC dispute resolution – New 2024 figures show that businesses are turning to ICC arbitration and mediation more than ever, especially for B2G disputes. The 20th ICC International Commercial Mediation Competition also kicked off in Paris, highlighting the increasing role of mediation in resolving global business conflicts. Read our interview with Jeremy Lack on the evolving landscape of mediation. • ICC remains committed to free trade – As the G20 Presidency moves to South Africa, ICC sees new opportunities for international cooperation. John Denton, ICC-WBO Secretary General, emphasizes: “As the first African nation to hold the G20 Presidency, South Africa has a unique opportunity to build coalitions and revitalize the multilateral trading system.” Stay Engaged & Informed ICC Strategic Priorities 1. Tackling Trade Barriers 2. Promoting Access to Justice, Integrity, and Rule of Law 3. Advancing Climate Action and Sustainability 4. Accelerating Trade Digitalisation 5. Strengthening Multilateralism

< Back < Previous | Next > Trade & Investment A call to de-escalate transatlantic trade tensions 23 May 2025 In response to a US proposal to increase tariffs on European Union goods, ICC is calling for redoubled ongoing efforts to renew the US-EU trade relationship. The proposed tariff hike on EU imports introduces major uncertainty into one of the most stable and integrated trade relationships in the world. The immediate effect — for businesses on both sides of the Atlantic — will be to further chill investment decisions, disrupt essential supply chains and undermine market confidence. "The transatlantic relationship is not only of immense economic importance — it is, in many ways, the cornerstone of the rules-based global trading system. For decades, EU-U.S. trade has set an important standard for openness, reliability and shared prosperity. A sharp escalation in tariffs between two central pillars of the global economy risks sending shockwaves through the global business community at a time when stability is at an absolute premium." "We call on the U.S. and EU to redouble ongoing efforts to renew their trade relationship. A swift and coordinated de-escalation is essential to preserve the trust and stability that underpin international commerce, business investment and job creation."

< Back < Previous | Next > Marketing & Advertising ICC Global Marketing and Advertising Commission 5 May 2025 At the 2025 ICC meeting, key updates were shared on advancing ethical advertising practices, including new policies on responsible AI use, environmental claims, and marketing to children—emphasizing the importance of transparency, inclusivity, and public trust. ICC reaffirmed its commitment to global collaboration, working with partners like EASA, ISO, and ESOMAR to align standards and promote responsible business conduct in advertising and communication. Some key highlights David Bates, Vice Chair, Europe, Public & Government Affairs, Edelman presented an overview of the 2025 Trust Barometer , providing key insights into the evolving landscape for businesses and societal sentiment. Despite businesses being more trusted than government, media and NGOs, there is a call for them to address more topical issues. This reinforces the recent ICC Advertising and Marketing Communication Code updates, including Responsible Artificial Intelligence (AI), ensuring it guides businesses in tackling these critical concerns responsibly and ethically. All institutions must collaborate to rebuild trust. There was an update on the revision on the revision process/ new policy papers , all derived from the ICC Code, from leads of each of the workstreams and dialogue with the members: New policy product on the responsible use of AI in advertising (Alice Himsworth / Alexander Montgomery). A policy paper on the responsible use of AI in advertising, highlighting its pivotal role in the industry. There is still time to get involved, give feedback and help shape these important guidelines. Key concerns: transparency, labelling, privacy, bias, creation & delivery of ads and copyright. Updates on the ICC Framework for Responsible Environmental Marketing Communications, including a checklist as a starting point for practitioners (Sheila Miller) Revisions to the ICC / European Society for Opinion and Market Research (ESOMAR) International Code on Market, Opinion and Social Research and Data Analytics: the public is an important stakeholder (Anders Stenlund / Judith Passingham) Revisions to the ICC Framework for Responsible Alcohol Marketing Communications (Laura Brodie / Gabrielle Robitaille). A milestone bringing all the platforms together and publish transparency reports. Revisions to the ICC Framework for Responsible Food and Beverage Marketing Communications (Gabrielle Robitaille) Revision of the ICC Toolkit: Marketing and Advertising to Children along with a new policy paper related to responsible advertising/marketing to children and teens (Adam Ingle / Sheila Millar More general was stated that ICC is not a single topic association, but addresses broad current topics. Topics effecting everybody in the ecosystem every day. Having an informal dialogue about these topics helps to deal with them. ICC aims to contribute to trust in the marketplace, so the business community is trusted and can perform. Ludovic Basset, new Director at the European Advertising Standards Alliance (EASA), and Tudor Manda, Self-Regulation (SR) Development Manager, presented an overview of EASA’s network and efforts in promoting responsible advertising through Self-Regulation-Organizations (SROs) enforcement of ad standards inspired by the ICC Code. They also shared insights on how ICC and EASA can strengthen collaboration. Then the latest European and International regulatory developments related to marketing and advertising were briefly discussed. Finally, Noela Garcia, Head of Sustainability and Partnerships, International Organization for Standardization (ISO), provided an introduction to ISO and collaboration prospects. Opportunities for ICC: participate in international Standards development or other deliverables and create coherence /alignment on existing standards, participate in/co-create flagship programmes, e.g., climate and sustainability and capacity building initiatives. Facilitating collaboration between national chambers of commerce and national standards bodies to convey national trade interests in international standardization and jointly design and implement advocacy/promotional activities to advance shared vision and mission. International collaboration for responsible leadership: a shoutout to the international partners and stakeholders – EASA, as well as all national Self-Regulatory Organisations, ESOMAR, International Alliance for Responsible Drinking (IARD), and ISO for their valuable contributions and collaboration. ICC remains committed to building trust and leading the way in ethical marketing and advertising through the ICC Advertising and Marketing Communications Code. This Code is now available in many languages, including Dutch →

< Back < Previous | Next > Taxes Developments on the UN Framework Convention on International Tax Cooperation 27 May 2025 The ICC convened a timely briefing to update business stakeholders on the UN-led process to negotiate a new Framework Convention on International Tax Cooperation. This follows the landmark UN General Assembly resolution adopted in late 2023, which launched the first steps toward a globally negotiated, binding agreement on international tax governance. While this move signals a more inclusive and multilateral approach, especially in giving developing countries equal footing , it also introduces new uncertainties for businesses already adjusting to recent OECD tax reforms. The ICC emphasised that structured private sector engagement will be essential to ensure that the future convention remains coherent, predictable, and administrable. Key Developments The Ad Hoc Intergovernmental Committee has been established and will begin formal negotiations in the coming months. Business stakeholders are now able to register as observers of the sessions and are encouraged to submit technical input through ICC or national associations. The convention’s scope is broad, aiming to set global norms and principles rather than detailed rules - but its legal status could be binding. Many businesses expressed concern about potential regulatory fragmentation , especially if the new framework does not align with OECD's Pillar One and Pillar Two standards. The need for capacity building in developing countries was widely recognized, as inclusive participation requires not just access but also resources. The ICC reiterated that this new track does not render existing OECD efforts obsolete but rather opens a parallel process , one that risks adding complexity unless clear coordination mechanisms are established. Business leaders were urged to engage early and constructively to safeguard key principles like simplicity, neutrality, and predictability in global tax standards. Recommendations for Business Register to observe the UN tax negotiations and follow developments closely through the channels outlined by the UN. Coordinate input through ICC channels to avoid fragmented responses. Evaluate compliance exposure in anticipation of potentially overlapping global standards. Support efforts to promote coherence between UN and OECD frameworks. The ICC will continue to provide analysis, updates, and advocacy to ensure that the private sector's voice is heard throughout this evolving process. A formal position paper will follow once the first draft of the convention is released.

< Back Professor Albert Jan van den Berg Hanotiau & van den Berg Arbitrator Biography Professor Albert Jan van den Berg is a partner at Hanotiau & van den Berg (Brussels, Belgium). He is a sought-after presiding and party-appointed arbitrator in numerous international commercial and investment arbitrations. He also acts as counsel in international commercial arbitrations and in set aside proceedings. Professor van den Berg is Honorary President of the International Council for Commercial Arbitration, having served as President from 2014–2016. He is Distinguished Faculty Co-Chair of the International Arbitration LL.M. Program at the University of Miami School of Law and a Visiting Professor at Georgetown University Law Center, National University of Singapore Faculty of Law and Tsinghua University School of Law. Professor van den Berg is also a member of the faculty and the advisory board of the University of Geneva Master in International Dispute Settlement Program. He is Emeritus Professor (Arbitration Chair) at Erasmus University, Rotterdam. He is Honorary President of the Netherlands Arbitration Institute, having served as its President and Secretary General, and former Vice-President of the London Court of International Arbitration. Professor van den Berg has published extensively on international arbitration (see www.hvdb.com ), in particular, the New York Convention of 1958 (see www.newyorkconvention.org ). His awards include: Global Arbitration Review, Best Prepared and Most Responsive Arbitrator in 2013; The International Who’s Who Legal, Arbitration: Lawyer of the Year in 2006, 2011 and 2017. Contact Details Belgium +32 2290 3913 ajvandenberg@hvdb.com Additional Links Link About ICC Netherlands We ensure that Dutch business interests are heard and represented in international policymaking. We deliver tools and standards that simplify cross-border business like model contracts or Incoterms®. We support fair and efficient dispute resolution . Become a member Upcoming events Learn more Check our latest news! News Languages Spoken Dutch, English, Italian, Spanish, German, French Specialisation Aviation, Finance and Banking, Construction, Distribution, Energy, Insurance, Investment / Public International Law, Joint Ventures, Licensing, Media, Pharmaceutical, Corporate Law / M&A, Real Estate, Sales, Renewable Energy, Sports, Telecoms Bar Admission(s) Credentials CV

< Back < Previous | Next > Digital Trade Data flows in supply chains: Practical realities and policy implications 11 Jun 2025 Cross-border data flows are essential for efficient global supply chains, enabling real-time coordination and logistics across borders. ICC provides concrete recommendations to align policies with operational realities and keep trade flowing. Why are cross-border data flows essential to modern supply chains? Cross-border data flows are essential for efficient, resilient, and interconnected global supply chains. They enable real-time coordination, including traceability, custom clearance and the deployment of digital tools such as IoT and AI-driven analytics. Restrictive data policies, however, can create significant barriers that disrupt these interconnected systems. Such restrictions slow down trade, increase operational costs, and disproportionately impact MSMEs – the backbone of global economies – who may be excluded from global markets due to complex, costly compliance requirements. What’s stopping data from moving freely? Despite their critical role, cross-border data flows face growing regulatory hurdles. The lack of multilateral coordination and a fragmented regulatory landscape create barriers to trade and disrupt supply chains. Key issues range from data localisation mandates – which require companies to store and process data within national borders – to conflicting privacy and cybersecurity rules which increase compliance burdens. These fragmented regulatory approaches create uncertainty and act as non-tariff barriers to trade. They create inefficiencies, limit business opportunities and undermine the ability of companies to optimize supply chain operations, international scalability and competitiveness. ICC recommendations: what can policymakers do to fix it? Pursue new rules at the WTO to enable trusted, secure, and predictable cross-border data flows. Promote risk-based approaches that differentiate between personal and non-personal data. Ensure interoperable data standards and avoid blanket localisation requirements that require all data, regardless of type, to be stored locally. Protect Confidential Business Information (CBI) in trade and data policies. Invest in MSME-friendly digital trade ecosystems, including trusted trader programmes. Download